Industrial filtration classification
The industrial application of filtration methods can be divided into four types according to different filtration forces:
⑴ Gravity filtration. This type of filtration belongs to deep bed filtration (i.e. thick filter layer), which is characterized by the deposition of solid particles occurring inside the thicker granular medium bed layer. The diameter of particles in the suspension is smaller than the diameter of the bed channel. When particles pass through the tortuous channels in the bed with the fluid, they adhere to the filter medium. This type of filtration is suitable for situations where the particles in the suspension are very small and the content is very low. For example, in a water treatment plant, a quartz sand layer is used as a filtering medium to achieve water purification.
⑵ Vacuum filtration. By using a vacuum pump, there is a certain pressure difference on both sides of the filter medium. Under this loss of force, the suspended liquid passes through the filter cloth, while solid particles deposit in a cake like layer on the upstream side of the filter cloth. This method is generally suitable for treating suspensions with small liquid-solid ratios and finer solid particles.
⑶ Pressure filtration. By using high-pressure air of 785 kPa (8 kg/c ㎡) or high-pressure water of 883-1569 kPa (9-16 kg/c ㎡) to fill the diaphragm installed on one or both sides of the filter chamber, the filter cake can be evenly pressed by stealing vegetables from the diaphragm, resulting in a filter cake with very low water content. It is generally used to handle fine and sticky materials that are difficult to filter. In recent years, a combination of pressurized and air filtration has been developed.
(4). Centrifuge filtration. Utilize centrifugal force. The liquid in the suspension is thrown out while the particles are trapped on the surface of the filter cloth. The centrifugal force field can provide a stronger filtration loss force than the specific gravity force field, with high separation speed and good effect. Suitable for processing slurries containing small solid particles.
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